| Preface |
|
xi |
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| Acknowledgements |
|
xii |
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| PART 1 Some Primal and Bygone Religions |
|
1 |
(78) |
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Religion in Prehistoric and Primal Cultures |
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|
2 |
(36) |
|
Beginnings: Religion in Prehistoric Cultures |
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|
2 |
(6) |
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Basic Terminology: Characterisitics of Religion in Primal Cultures |
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|
8 |
(11) |
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Case Study: The Dieri of Southeast Australia |
|
|
19 |
(5) |
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Case Study: The BaVenda of South Africa |
|
|
24 |
(3) |
|
Case Study: The Cherokees of the Southeastern Woodlands |
|
|
27 |
(11) |
|
|
|
37 |
(1) |
|
Bygone Religions That Have Left Their Mark on the West |
|
|
38 |
(41) |
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|
|
38 |
(7) |
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|
|
45 |
(12) |
|
|
|
57 |
(8) |
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|
|
65 |
(6) |
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71 |
(8) |
|
|
|
78 |
(1) |
| PART 2 The Religions of South Asia |
|
79 |
(174) |
|
Early Hinduism: The Passage from Ritual Sacrifice to Mystical Union |
|
|
80 |
(26) |
|
The Religion of the Vedic Age |
|
|
81 |
(10) |
|
Brahmanism, Caste, and Ceremonial Life |
|
|
91 |
(15) |
|
|
|
103 |
(3) |
|
Later Hinduism: Religion as the Determinant of Social Behavior |
|
|
106 |
(46) |
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Changes in Brahmanism: The Four Goals and the Three Ways |
|
|
107 |
(2) |
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The Ordered Society: The Way of Works |
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|
109 |
(3) |
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The Reflective Mode: The Way of Knowledge, the Upanishads |
|
|
112 |
(3) |
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The Reflective Models: The Six Acceptable Systems |
|
|
115 |
(6) |
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The Devotional Mode: The Way of Devotion, the Bhagavad Gita |
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|
121 |
(4) |
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The Devotional Models: Epics, Puranas, and Deities |
|
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125 |
(10) |
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|
|
135 |
(6) |
|
Issues and Problems of the Present |
|
|
141 |
(11) |
|
|
|
150 |
(2) |
|
Jainism: A Study in Asceticism |
|
|
152 |
(12) |
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Mahavira's Manner of Life |
|
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154 |
(3) |
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Philosophy and Ethics of Jainism |
|
|
157 |
(4) |
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|
|
161 |
(3) |
|
|
|
163 |
(1) |
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Buddhism in Its First Phase: Moderation in World Renunciation |
|
|
164 |
(22) |
|
|
|
165 |
(9) |
|
The Teachings of the Buddha |
|
|
174 |
(12) |
|
|
|
185 |
(1) |
|
The Religious Development of Buddhism: Diversity in Paths to Nirvana |
|
|
186 |
(54) |
|
The Spread of Buddhism in India and Southeast Asia |
|
|
188 |
(7) |
|
The Rise of the Mahayana in India |
|
|
195 |
(2) |
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The Spread of Buddhism in Northern Lands |
|
|
197 |
(5) |
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The Help-of-Others Message of the Mahayana |
|
|
202 |
(4) |
|
The Mahayana Philosophies of Religion |
|
|
206 |
(6) |
|
Mahayana Schools of Thought in China and Japan |
|
|
212 |
(12) |
|
|
|
224 |
(6) |
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|
|
230 |
(10) |
|
|
|
238 |
(2) |
|
Sikhism: A Study in Syncretism |
|
|
240 |
(13) |
|
The Life and Work of Nanak |
|
|
241 |
(3) |
|
|
|
244 |
(2) |
|
The Political History of Sikhism |
|
|
246 |
(7) |
|
|
|
252 |
(1) |
| PART 3 The Religions of East Asia |
|
253 |
(100) |
|
Native Chinese Religion and Daoism |
|
|
254 |
(34) |
|
The Basic Elements of Chinese Religion |
|
|
254 |
(12) |
|
Daoism as a Philosophy (Dao-jia) |
|
|
266 |
(11) |
|
Daoism as Magic and Religion (Dao-jiao) |
|
|
277 |
(11) |
|
|
|
287 |
(1) |
|
Confucius and Confucianism: A Study in Optimistic Humanism |
|
|
288 |
(38) |
|
|
|
289 |
(3) |
|
The Teachings of Confucius |
|
|
292 |
(12) |
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The Confucian School---Its Rivals and Champions |
|
|
304 |
(12) |
|
|
|
316 |
(4) |
|
The State Cult of Confucius |
|
|
320 |
(2) |
|
Religion in China in the Modern Period |
|
|
322 |
(4) |
|
|
|
325 |
(1) |
|
Shinto: The Native Contribution to Japanese Religion |
|
|
326 |
(27) |
|
|
|
327 |
(3) |
|
|
|
330 |
(3) |
|
Shinto in Medieval and More Recent Times |
|
|
333 |
(5) |
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|
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338 |
(5) |
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|
|
343 |
(3) |
|
|
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346 |
(1) |
|
Domestic and Sectarian Shinto |
|
|
347 |
(6) |
|
|
|
352 |
(1) |
| PART 4 The Religions of the Middle East |
|
353 |
(247) |
|
Zoroastrianism: A Religion Based on Ethical Dualism |
|
|
354 |
(22) |
|
Iranian Religion Before Zoroaster |
|
|
355 |
(2) |
|
The Life and Teachings of Zoroaster |
|
|
357 |
(6) |
|
The Religion of the Later Avesta |
|
|
363 |
(6) |
|
The Zoroastrians of the Present Day |
|
|
369 |
(7) |
|
|
|
375 |
(1) |
|
Judaism in Its Early Phases: From Hebrew Origins to the Exile |
|
|
376 |
(36) |
|
The Religion of the Pre-Mosaic Hebrews |
|
|
377 |
(3) |
|
Moses and the Covenant with Yahweh (About 1250 B.C.E.) |
|
|
380 |
(6) |
|
|
|
386 |
(5) |
|
Prophetic Protest and Reform |
|
|
391 |
(13) |
|
|
|
404 |
(8) |
|
|
|
411 |
(1) |
|
The Religious Development of Judaism |
|
|
412 |
(34) |
|
The Rise of Judaism in the Restoration Period |
|
|
412 |
(6) |
|
New Trends of Thought in the Greek and Maccabean Periods |
|
|
418 |
(5) |
|
The Roman Period to 70 C.E |
|
|
423 |
(3) |
|
|
|
426 |
(2) |
|
|
|
428 |
(3) |
|
The Jews in the Middle Ages |
|
|
431 |
(7) |
|
Judaism in the Modern World |
|
|
438 |
(8) |
|
|
|
445 |
(1) |
|
Christianity in Its Opening Phase: The Words and Work of Jesus in Apostolic
Perspective |
|
|
446 |
(30) |
|
The World into which Jesus Came |
|
|
448 |
(2) |
|
The Life of Jesus: The First Phase |
|
|
450 |
(4) |
|
The Themes of Jesus' Teaching |
|
|
454 |
(6) |
|
|
|
460 |
(3) |
|
|
|
463 |
(6) |
|
The Early Church (50--150 C.E.) |
|
|
469 |
(7) |
|
|
|
475 |
(1) |
|
The Religious Development of Christianity |
|
|
476 |
(56) |
|
The Ancient Catholic Church (150--1054 C.E.) |
|
|
476 |
(12) |
|
The Eastern Orthodox Churches |
|
|
488 |
(3) |
|
The Roman Catholic Church in the Middle Ages |
|
|
491 |
(10) |
|
The Protestant Reformation |
|
|
501 |
(9) |
|
|
|
510 |
(2) |
|
Crosscurrents in the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries |
|
|
512 |
(4) |
|
Eastern Orthodoxy in the Modern World |
|
|
516 |
(1) |
|
Catholicism in the Modern World |
|
|
517 |
(4) |
|
Protestantism in the Modern World |
|
|
521 |
(7) |
|
Recent Theological Trends |
|
|
528 |
(4) |
|
|
|
531 |
(1) |
|
Islam: The Religion of Submission to God: Beginnings |
|
|
532 |
(36) |
|
Arabian Beliefs and Practices Before Muhammad |
|
|
533 |
(4) |
|
|
|
537 |
(6) |
|
The Faith and Practice of Islam |
|
|
543 |
(9) |
|
|
|
552 |
(3) |
|
The First Five Centuries of Muslim Thought |
|
|
555 |
(13) |
|
|
|
567 |
(1) |
|
The Shi`ah Alternative and Regional Developments |
|
|
568 |
(32) |
|
The Party (Shi`ah) of `Ali |
|
|
568 |
(7) |
|
|
|
575 |
(3) |
|
|
|
578 |
(3) |
|
Issues in the Modern Period |
|
|
581 |
(3) |
|
|
|
584 |
(12) |
|
Movements Toward Innovation and Syncretism |
|
|
596 |
(4) |
|
|
|
599 |
(1) |
| Reference for Quotations |
|
600 |
(11) |
| Suggestions for Further Reading |
|
611 |
(10) |
| Index |
|
621 |